Variable output atomizer



Feb. 6, 1951 R F, M, WAESELYNCK 2,540,970

VARIABLE OUTPUT ATOMIZER Filed 0ot. 23, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented F eb. 6, 1951 VARIABLE OUTPUT ATOMIZER Raymond Francois Maurice Waeselynck, Indret, par Basse-Indre, France, assignor to Societe Rateau (Societe Anonyme), Paris, France, a

company of France Application October 23, 1945, Serial No. 624,033 In France May 19, 1939 Section 1, Public Law 690, August 8, 1946 Patent expires May 19, 1959 2 Claims.

The device which forms the object of the present invention is adapted to ensure the automatic atomising of any type of liquid and more particularly of liquid fuel into boiler furnaces or lireboxes, of water into steam desuperheating devices through mixture, etc.

The object of this novel device is to keep as constant as possible the atomising angle and neness throughout an extensive range of variations in iiuid iiow, without it being necessary to resort to the action of a compressed auxiliary `fluid different from the liquid to be atomised, and without the necessity of resorting to temperatures or pressures above those normally used in ordinary mechanical atomisers.

The novel device comprises the combination of:

(a) a main atomiser, the output of which is varied as desired between zero and a maximum, merely through acting on the feeding pressure, either by hand or by means of an automatically controlled device; and (b) an auxiliary small output atomiser, which will be termed the pilot atomiser, the atomising sheet passing out of which serves as a carrier for the sheet passing out of the main atomiser, when the latter is fed only under a very small pressure.

The feeding pressure of the pilot atomiser remains always comparatively high and its hydraulic opening varies only but little, so that the atomising angle and iineness of the auxiliary jet remain substantially constant and ensure through their driving action the constancy of the atomising angle and neness of the main jet, even at the lowest outputs of the latter.

The following description, referring to accompanying drawings, and given by way of example and by no means' in a restrictive sense, shows how the invention may be executed, the features appearing both in the drawing and in the specification forming of course part of said invention.

Fig. 1 is a general cross-sectional axial view of an atomiser in accordance with the invention. Fig. 2 is a similar view at a larger scale, of the atomising head.

Fig. 3 is a transversal cross-section through line III-III of Fig. 2; v 1 Figs. 4 and 5 show diagrammatically the arrangement of a feeding pump for one atomising apparatus according to the invention, and for several apparatuses connected in parallel relation, respectively.

As apparent in the drawing, the main atomiser and the pilot atomiser are each carried out after the manner of ordinary atomisers and the atomising heads comprise each, in accordance 'with the usual arrangement, a distributor with tangential holes and an outlet cup with Aa central aperture.

As shown in Figs. 1 to 3, the main atomiser comprises thus a cylindrical sleeve l to an end of which is screwed the cup 2 provided with a central atomising aperture 3 and a distributor 2a with tangential holes 5. l

The pilotatomiser comprises similarly a cup 6 provided with a central atomising aperture 'l and a distributor 8 provided with a tangential hole 9,l

said distributor 8 being constituted by a member independent with reference to the cup 6 and secured to cup 6 by being screwed into same. The pilot atomiser is mounted axially inside the main atomiser and its cup is screwed inside the distributor of said main atomiser without the interposition of any packing whereby the relative lpositioning of the inner cup with reference to the outer cup may be accurately determined and the replacement of the complete head may be performed easily without any special adjustment being required from the operator.

The cup 6 of the pilot atomiser is provided at its periphery with a helicoidal groove T which causes the admission of liquid into the pilot atomiser to communicate with the centrifugation chamber C of the main atomiser for a purpose t0 be disclosed hereinafter.

The atomisers are fed with liquid through two separate concentric channels A and B leading respectively to the two pipes I0 and II connected with the pump (See Fig. 4). The channel A lies inside the channel B and is welded to a member I 3 screwed in its turn inside a socket I4. Inside this lsocket is engaged a hollow spigot I5 which forms an extension of the plug l5 which in turn closes the cup 6 of the pilot atomiser. The channel B is screwed inside the plug l2 closing the sleeve Iat the'end remote from the main atomising head 2.

The arrangement of the socket I 4 and hollow spigot I5, which are simply inserted inside one another, allows the easy dismantling of the two atomising heads as a unit constituted by the elements 2-2a, 6, 8, I5 and I6. The dismantling is performed through mere unscrewing of the cup 2 of the main atomiser and reversely, said unit may be mounted through mere screwing down of said cup 2.

The fluid tightness in the feeding of the pilot atomiser vis ensured as concerns the members Il and I5 without any stuiiing box by means of a membraney M or of a foldedtube urged automatically against the end of the hollow spigot IB by the pressure prevailing inside-the pipe system 3 Y feeding the pilot atomiser, as long as the latte remains above or equal to the outer pressure. This membrane; M. or folded tube isheld tightly between the. members and Il inside a chamber the leak output of which, towards the outer atomiser, is limited, in the case of the membrane breaking, by a close fitting of the spigot I5 inside the socket I4, said spigot being machined for a tight t. This relative uid tightness. between the two members I4 and I5 may be enhanced by pro. viding at the outer surface of the spigot I5`l a cer,- tain number of annular grooves I5a. at different heights.

In the case of a pilot atomiser having a. very low output, the corresponding openings in the distributor and in the cup are very small; andi, it.

is necessary to insert a filter at the admission end; an advantageous arrangement has, been ilpilot atomiser; i. e. of the minimum output corresponding to the closing of the main atomising ciiouitt Fer sniall outputs of. the main circuit, the liquid flowing out through the holes 5 of the main distributor is carried along by the rotary movementof the liquid passing with a high speed out of the helicoidal opening T and is thus nely atomised as itpassesout of the main cup.V

On the other hand, the suction produced byV the projection ci, the liquid out of the inner cup is; exerted; onthe; particles produced by the main cup and holds the outer liquid sheet applied against the inner sheet.

The advantages of the invention may be sum-V marized asfoilofws:

lustrated which comprises a fine-meshed iilter'F' the pipe or channel `Pi-'passes through the holowspigot I5', the tangential hole V9 and issues in an atomised'; state through the aperture i.

The liquidr fed by the channel or pipe B to the-main atomifser passes through the tangential holesinto the atomi'sing-aperture 3. An adjustii'ig-Valvel'I-L shown 4on Fig; 4, allows a modi- Hoa-tion as desired-1 startingx from complete clos- I,

ing offv the pressure of admission into the ina-in atomi'ser. When `this pressure for theY feeding of the main atomiser is smaller than the pressure i913 thefeeding' of the auxiliary atomisergpart of the;` liquid led tothe latter passes through the hole and the helicoidal groove T into the aper* "4 ture 3fY of' the main atomiser for the purpose to be disclosedshereinaiter.

Several atomising apparatus according to the invention-maybeconnect'ed' withthesame admission pipes and adjusted simultaneously by the same valve which Vmay either be automatically or handcontrolled. The output never falls underneath a minimum corresponding to the op,- eration oi"V theV pilot atomiserwalone. Fig. 5f shcws'the upperpart ofitwq apparatuses Br 13 2v the; feeding pipesalil and i'I: loiwhicl'r are QQmected'; inp'arallel :relation to the-pipes, itu, and l'ics' starting; from 'the deliveringlside of the common pump; The valve Il*7 mounted in the pipev Il@ feedingrthe main atomisersallowsadvjirstmenir'oithe youtput delivered to said main atomisers. Y

Y'IIoWever aworking at ay restricted rateV may beobtained by the closing ot the main adjusting valve While `a second` valve controlling thenpilot atomiser pressure is;acted"upon. For a burner, this corresponds Vto the case oi" operation at the moment ofY igniting or at a very low rate with.- Vout any, automatic control of theheatingz fisaidsecondvalve mounted in the pipe Ita is shown diagrammatically in dotted` lines aty IB in Fis.- 5 v ',iThia complementary valve, allowslalso. during librmal operation the adjustment, asidesiredggr the 'value of the constant pressure appliedto'the V1:. The `opening angle of the atomised sheet remains substantially constant and the neness of atomisation remains, satisfactory at all rates of operation. v:2: The range of 'the variation in output'rnay be considerable, 'fo-rinstance'in the proportion of I to 6- with an adjustment. of only the main atomisi'ng circuit and of li'to IG with Aa complementary adjustment er the pilot circuit.

3. The adjustment is executed very simply by actingl on the pressure without any displacement of any' mechanical-member inside .the atomisers. The operation in paralleli of lseveraldevices is thus possible with agreat accuracy while the ai'- ra-ngement fcrmodi'fying theV output lendsA itself remarkably well toautomatic distant lcontrol operation. Y

4. The'operation of the atomi'ser requiresno delicate Vmeansl for Vexpanding-y tl'ie fluidi or rany regulating means themi'sadjustment of 'which wouldfbe liable to disturb tofa considera-ble exten-t the characteristic'data yoif'the 'output'. In particular; if the pump includes meansffor regulati'ng-the constancy as to pressure any' gradual misadjustment of the latter affects onlytheeutput of the pilot" atomiser; ifeyav very small fraction of the total output.

' y5. In the above described form of execution, the apertures in eithercup are-swept,- under all conditions' of' operation, by alayer' of liquid; In the caseof"v a burnenneither cup is-'ever inoperative and thus rendered, liable to be*` fouled' by-a deposit `of`A coke'.

' 6. Inthecase of burners with4 an automatic heating system, there is no risk off the burner beingr extinguishedinthe case of; a sudden and tionv of liquid' fuel. and the likealiquids comprising a main atomisenincluding an atomising aperture and adapted to produce aliquidsheet therethrough, an auxiliary pilot atomiserofsrnall output including an atomising, aperture arranged pendently one., of; tbe. otlier,. .means for. varying,

the.. nos; oi the, liquid., eedingrthe maniatcmiser independently of the fiow of the liquid feeding the auxiliary atomiser, and means providing a liquid passage from the means feeding the pilot atomiser towards the atomising aperture of the main atomiser whereby, at small pressures in the main atoiniser, a part of the liquid feeding the pilot atomiser passes into the main atomiser aperture.

2. An apparatus for the mechanical atomisation of a liquid comprising a main atomiser including an atomising aperture and adapted to produce a liquid sheet therethrough, an auxiliary pilot atomiser of small output including an atomising aperture arranged substantially in the plane of the atomising aperture of the main atomiser and inside the said aperture for producing a liquid sheet adapted to serve as a carrier for the sheet produced by the main atomiser when the latter is fed under low pressure, separate ducts for feeding both atornisers with the same liquid independently one of the other and means providing a passage between the auxiliary atomiser and the main atomiser at points preceding the atomising apertures of both atomisers, said passage being adapted for conducting only a part of the feeding output of the auxiliary atomiser to the main one when the latter is fed under low pressure.

RAYMOND FRANCOIS MAURICE WAESELYNCK.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Veach et al. Mar. 8, 1938 

